Heat Safety

Heat Safety

Exposure to extreme heat places athletes, particularly those in equipment-laden sports, at an increased risk of exertional heat stroke. Wetbulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is the measure of heat stress in direct sunlight and takes into account humidity, wind speed, sun angle, and cloud cover. WBGT is to be monitored continuously and activity is to be modified or altered based on the WBGT readings. Below is a recommendation chart from the Korey Stringer Institute; guidance should be taken from regional organizations, but it is safer to err on the side of
caution.  

*When heat rules are in play, athletes are encouraged to remove easily removable equipment during breaks (e.g., helmets, goggles, elbow pads, gloves). 

Heat Emergency Protocol

In hot and humid environments, this risk of exertional heat stroke (EHS) during athletic activity is elevated. Common signs and symptoms of EHS include disorientation, confusion, dizziness, staggering, irritability, aggression, collapse and/or loss of consciousness. When an EHS occurs, the most effective form of treatment in preventing mortality is full-body cold water emersion (CWI). The purpose of this protocol is to establish guidelines for implementing CWI in the event that an athlete suffers an EHS. 

Pre-event Preparation

• If the forecasted temperature is ≥ 85° WBG:
  • Prior to the event, a cooling tub or pool should be set up, preferably in a shaded area
  • Four 10-gallon coolers should be prepared and ready to be poured into the tub

Emergency Procedures

• If a “Heat Emergency” occurs, the following actions should be taken:
  • Transportation is arranged for the athlete to the cooling tub for immersion and rapid cooling
  • Call 911 and direct the ambulance to the cooling tub
  • When the athlete arrives at the cooling tub, they are fully submerged in the ice water under the direction of the certified athletic trainer. To accomplish this, at least 1 athletic trainer and 1-2 members of additional staff are needed.
    • A towel is hooked under the arms of the athlete to prevent their head from becoming submerged. 
    • The water in the pool is to be constantly circulated to promote more efficient cooling. 
    • During cooling, the athletic trainer will continually monitor vitals. Rectal temperature is recommended best practice as it is the most accurate body temperature reading. This temperature should be recorded and monitored; once below 105F, EMS personnel can transport athlete. If rectal temperature is not able to be taken, athlete should remain immersed for 15 minutes prior to transport. 

The athletic trainer should have the authority to postpone any practices or games as deemed necessary based on weather conditions.